政社互动视角下城市社区协商实践创新的差异性和趋势性研究——基于2013—2015年度“中国社区治理十大创新成果”的案例分析

Differences and Trends of Practice Innovation in Urban Community Consultation from the Perspective of Interaction of Government-Society——Based on the Case Analysis of “Top Ten Innovation Achievements in Chinese Community Governance” from 2013 to 2015

政社关系是影响基层治理结构的核心变量。城市社区协商是社区内多元利益主体相互博弈、理性协商、寻求共识并追求社区善治的过程。日渐兴起的城市社区协商创新,对新形势下的政社关系提出了更多新的要求,为重塑政府与社会关系提供了新的历史契机。本文将"政社互动"作为重要的解释变量,从经验观察出发,抽取2013—2015年度"中国社区治理十大创新成果及提名成果"中的城市社区协商创新实践的典型案例,采用"多案例—内容"比较分析方法对样本进行剖析,着重探索这些成功做法的分类启示价值,构建出党领群治联动型协商、政社协同共建型协商、政群平等对话型协商、社群精准议事型协商等四种城市社区协商实践的经典模式,阐释不同城市社区协商实践模式的经验分殊,勾勒出未来政社互动导向下城市社区协商实践创新的优化策略和发展趋势,以期能为城市社区协商的深入推进提供可资借鉴的经验和启发。

The relationship between government and society has always been the central variable that affects the structure of grassroots governance. Urban community consultation is the process of multi-stakeholder game with each other, rationally negotiate, seek consensus and pursue community good governance. The innovation of the urban community consultation puts forward more new requirements under the new situation of the government-society relations and provides a new historical opportunity to reshape the government-society relations. Therefore, this paper makes ＂interaction of government-society＂ as an important explanatory variable. From empirical observations, it extracts typical cases about innovation practice of the urban community consultation of ＂top ten innovation achievements and nomination results in Chinese community governance＂ from 2013 to 2015 and adopts the comparative analysis method of ＂multi-case-content ＂ to analyze the samples. This essay focuses on exploring the classification revelation value of these successful practices. Then it constructs four kinds of classic models of urban community consultation, such as the joint consultation of masses governance led by the Party, the co-construction consultation of government-society, the consultative equal dialogue between government and masses, and the accurate consultation between society and masses. This article explains the experience of different practice models of urban community consultation and sketches the optimization strategies and development trends of practice innovation of urban community consultation under the interaction of government-society guidance in the future to provide referential experience and inspiration for a further promotion of urban community consultation.