儿童呼吸道病原体急性感染流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Children with Acute Respiratory Infection

目的分析儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARI)病原体特异性Ig M抗体检出情况,为该地区儿童ARI的早期诊断、治疗提供参考依据。方法对选择的1928例ARI行呼吸道病原体特异性Ig M抗体检测,包括嗜肺军团菌(LPN)、肺炎支原体(MP)、Q热立克次体(COX)、肺炎衣原体(CPN)、腺病毒(ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IVA)、乙型流感病毒(IVB)及副流感病毒(PIV),比较不同年龄段及季节的病原体感染情况。结论本组MP特异性Ig M抗体阳性检出率最高,其次为IVB和PIV。与>3~≤6岁组比较,≤3岁组MP阳性率、≤3岁组和>6~≤16岁组IVB和PIV阳性率均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸道感染病原体特异性Ig M抗体阳性率以冬季最高,且MP阳性率冬季明显高于春季和夏季(P<0.05),IVB阳性率冬季明显高于夏季和秋季(P<0.01),PIV阳性率秋季明显高于春季和冬季,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论本地区患儿ARI以MP、IVB、PIV感染为主,且不同年龄和季节病原体感染存在明显差异。

Objective To analyze detection condition of special IgM antibodies of children with acute respiratory in- fection （ARI） in order to provide reference for early diagnosis and therapy of ARI children in Shijiazhuang area. Methods Serum specific IgM antibodies of respiratory pathogens, which included legionella pneumophila （LPN） , mycoplasma pneu- moniae （MP）, Q fever rickettsia burrleti （COX）, chlamydia pneumoniae （CPN）, adenovirus （ADV） , respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） , influenza virus A （IVA） , influenza virus B （IVB） and parainfluenze virus （PIV） , were detected for 1928 patients with ARI. Conditions of pathogen infection in different ages and seasons were compared. Results Among the pathogens, the highest detection rate was MP, and then followed by IVB and PIV. Compared with those in children with 〉 3-≤6 r years old group, the kip positive rate in children with ≤3 years old group and IVB and PIV positive rates in children with ≤ 3 years old group and 〉 3-≤6 years old group were significantly decreased. The highest positive rate of special IgM antibody infection was in the winter, and MP gositive rate in the winter was significantly higher than those in the spring and summer （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , while IVB positive rate in the winter was significantly higher than those in the summer and autumn （ P 〈 0.01 ） , and PIV positive rate in the autumn was significantly higher than those in the spring and winter （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion kiP, IVB and PIV infection are the msin respiratory pathogens of ARI children in Shijiazhuang area, and pathogens in different ages and seasons have significantly different characteristics.