深圳市宝安区小学生睡眠健康与不良行为习惯的关联性分析

Correlation between sleeping hygiene and unhealthy behavioral habits among pupils in Baoan District of Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市宝安区小学生的睡眠健康状况和不良行为习惯,探讨两者之间的关系,为今后的干预措施实施提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,在深圳市宝安区107所小学中选择20所学校,每个年级抽取一个班级,共100个班级,将纳入班级的所有学生的母亲作为调查对象。采用《儿童睡眠健康量表》和《conners父母评价量表-修订版》分别对儿童的睡眠障碍及不良行为习惯进行评价。结果共调查4 088人,合格问卷3 814份,问卷有效率为93.29%。其中男生2 084人(54.64%),女生1 730人(45.36%);平均年龄为(8.21±1.37)岁。3 814名学生中,睡眠健康平均得分(73.18±15.03)分,不良行为习惯平均得分为(87.39±28.16)分。小学生的睡眠健康得分与不良行为习惯得分之间呈负相关(r_p=0.41,P<0.01)。小学生睡眠健康的生理、心理和认知分别与不良行为习惯的11个维度、8个维度和6个维度有显著性的负相关(P<0.01);就寝规律和睡眠稳定性分别与不良行为习惯的4个维度和2个维度呈显著性负相关(P<0.01)。结论深圳宝安区小学生的睡眠健康与不良行为习惯之间呈负相关,睡眠质量越差,其发生不良行为习惯的可能性越高。建议家长、老师和社会协作培养学生的良好的睡眠习惯,提高睡眠质量,避免不良行为习惯,促进儿童身心健康成长。

Objective To investigate the situation of sleeping hygiene and unhealthy behavioral habits among primary school students in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,to explore their mutual correlation so as to provide a basis for implementing future interventions. Methods A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1 class from each grade in 20 of 107 primary schools in Baoan District of Shenzhen City,and then mothers of all qualified students of 100 classes were interviewed face to face by questionnaires. The Children's Sleep Hygiene Scale( CSHS) and the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised( CPRS-R) were respectively applied to evaluating sleep disorders and unhealthy behavioral habits of the pupils. Results A total of 4,088 pupils were surveyed,and 3,814 valid questionnaires retrieved,with the effective questionnaire rate being 93.29%. There were 2,084( 54.64%)boys and 1,730( 45.36%) girls,and their average age was( 8.21 ± 1.37) years. Among the 3,814 pupils,the average scores of sleeping hygiene and unhealthy behavioral habits were( 73.18±15.03) and( 87.39±28.16) respectively. The score of sleeping hygiene was negatively correlated with that of unhealthy behavioral habits( r_p= 0.41,P<0.01). The physiology,psychology and cognition of sleeping hygiene were significantly negatively correlated with the 11,8 and 6 dimensions of unhealthy behavioral habits respectively( all P<0.01); meanwhile,the bedtime routine and sleep stability were significantly negatively correlated with the 4 and 2 dimensions of unhealthy behavioral habits respectively( both P<0.01). Conclusion The sleeping hygiene is negatively correlated with unhealthy behavioral habits among the pupils in Baoan District of Shenzhen City. The poorer the pupils' sleep quality,the higher the possibility of unhealthy behavioral habits. We suggest that the parents should cooperate with teachers and social organization to cultivate the pupils' good sleeping habits and improve their sleeping qualities so as to avoid unhealthy behavioral habits and promote their physical and psychological health and growth.