农民增收提高了农户正规信贷可得性吗——兼论中国粮食主产区农户的经济属性

Has the Increase of Farmers' Income Improved the Formal Credit Availability of Their Households?

本文基于四川省16农业大市32农业大县农户系统调查数据,采用Tobit模型和Probit模型实证考察了四川粮食主产区域农户收入增长对其正规信贷可得性的影响效应,并在此基础上检验了当前四川传统农区农户的经济属性。全样本研究表明:农民增收有助于增加农户正规信贷获得额,但未能有效缓解农户面临的正规信贷约束,还明显加重了这一约束;而分位数回归结果显示,只有高收入农户增收才显著增加其正规信贷获得额,也只有中等收入农户增收才会加剧自身的正规信贷抑制。显然,低收入农户比较接近于生存小农,而中、高收入农户更贴近理性小农。在推进农村金融改革和农村金融制度创新中,应高度重视并切实搞好面向中等收入农户的信贷服务工作。

Based on survey data of peasant household in 32 agricultural counties of 16 agricultural prefectures in Sichuan province, this paper has estimated the Tobit model and Probit model to empirically study the effect of farmers＇ income growth on their formal credit availability in the major grain producing areas in Sichuan province. Furthermore, we have tested the economic attributes of the current farmers in Sichuan. Based on the entire sample, we find that growing income is helpful to increase farmers＇ formal credit amount, but fails to relieve credit constraints faced by farmers, and also significantly results in severer constraints. However, the empirical results based on quantile regression indicate that only the farmers with high per capita income accept more formal loan, meanwhile, only middle-income farmers are faced with severer constraints on formal credit. Apparently, low-income farmers are similar to the subsistence small-scaled peasants, middle and high-income farmers are close to the rational peasants. While pushing forward rural financial reform and rural financial institutional innovation, we should pay high attention to the credit services oriented to middle-income farmers.