汤显祖晚年“三变而力穷”说辨析

On "three changes and dying away of the power" in Tang Xianzu's late years

汤显祖诗文创作"三变而力穷"说界定不清,需详细探讨。汤显祖晚年在与友人的尺牍中对自身的文学创作进行总结,多次提到"三变而力穷,诗赋外无追琢功"。汤显祖在文学创作中于诗赋、古文、戏曲等无所不涉,而晚明文坛,复古与坛坫之争空前,汤显祖有意识地进行文学创作的革变,虽笔力豪赡,体亦多变。从某种意义上而言,这种有意识的"三变",虽力穷而自我修正之意明显。

The theory of Tang Xianzu - poem writing, that is, ＂three changes and the power dying away＂, is unclear and needs to be discussed in detail. In his late years, Tang Xianzu summed up his own literary works in his letters to his friends, and mentioned ＂three changes and dying away of the power＂. Tang Xianzu was involved in many aspects of literature creation including poems, articles and dramas. In the late Ming Dynasty, the debate of Retro style and assembly was unprecedented. Tang Xianzu made creation in literary works consciously, which was uninhibited and the style was changeable. Although the power of the conscious ＂three changes＂ died a- way, his intention of self - correction was obvious in a sense.