口腔微生物群落与疾病研究进展

Research progress of human oral microbial community and related diseases

人体口腔微生物群落由700余种细菌、真菌、病毒等构成。口腔微生物与龋病、牙周病、牙髓及根尖周感染等多种口腔疾病及心血管等口腔以外部位疾病密切相关。传统观点认为口腔关键致病优势菌是相关疾病发生、发展的关键因素。近年来,随着"人类微生物组计划"的实施及宏基因组学相关项目的开展,加深了对口腔微生物群落的认识,支持了群落结构的生态失衡学说。将口腔微生物群落大数据信息转化为具有实际运用价值的临床诊疗手段,具有重大意义。从常见口腔及相关系统性疾病微生物群落研究进展入手,介绍了口腔微生物群落与疾病的关系,指出了建立基于微生物群落信息的疾病诊疗系统,实现疾病个体化诊疗的新思路。

Human oral microbial community is composed of more than 700 species of bacteria ,fungi and viruses, and is closely related to caries, periodontal disease, dental pulp disease and other oral diseases, as well as non - oral diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. Traditionally, dominant pathogenic bacteria in oral cavity were thought to be the key factors responsible for oral diseases. In recent years, with the development of the ＂human microbiome project＂ and metagenomics technology, we have had a better understanding of oral microbial community, which sup- ports the theory of ecological imbalance of microbial community. It is of great significance to transform the big data information of oral microbial community into clinical diagnosis methods of practical value. In this article, we introduced the research progress of oral microbial community and oral diseases, elaborated on the relationship between oral microbial community and oral diseases, and proposed a new diagnosis system based on oral microbial community information, so as to realize individualized diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.