山西省日照时数的时空变化特征

Sunshine Hours in Shanxi: Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics

基于山西省109个气象站点1961—2010年的日照时数资料,笔者采用气候倾向率分析、M-K突变检测和空间插值分析等方法,分析了山西省日照时数的时空变化特征。结果表明:近50年来,山西省平均日照时数在年代、年、季尺度上都呈减少趋势,年平均减少幅度为64.16 h/10 a;四季日照时数中,夏季日照最多,冬季最少,各季变化中夏季减幅最大,春季最小;月变化为单峰型,最大值出现在5月;山西省日照时数年、季都存在由多到少的突变,年突变在1987年。山西省日照时数空间差异明显,表现为由南部到北部逐渐增加,南部地区少于北中部地区;大部分地区表现减少趋势,个别地区为增加趋势,其中年日照时数以潞城减幅最大,减幅为207.7 h/10 a。

Based on sunshine hours data of 109 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2010 in Shanxi, the authors used the methods of climate tendency rate analysis, M-K mutation detection and spatial interpolation, to analyze the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of sunshine hours in Shanxi. The results showed that： seasonal, annual, and decadal sunshine hours decreased with an average rate of 64.16 h/10 a; sunshine hours in summer was the most, that in winter was the least, sunshine hours decline in summer was the maximum, and that in spring was the minimum; monthly sunshine hours was unimodal, the maximum appeared in May; annual and seasonal sunshine hours had mutation in 1987 from more to less; the annual sunshine hours decreased from north to south, and the annual sunshine hours in north and middle was more than that in south; most of the region showed a decreasing trend, and some areas had an increasing trend, of which, the annual sunshine hours in Lucheng had the biggest decline with a rate of 207.7 h/10 a.