基于真实外形人体模型的非均匀电磁场曝露评估

Exposure Assessment of Non-uniform Electromagnetic Filed Based on Realistic Human Model

中国新能源的资源分布与需求分布具有逆向性。为实现电能的长距离传输,相关作业人员需要长期工作于高水平的电磁环境中。为防止过度曝露对健康造成伤害,电磁环境研究是发展新能源技术的重要部分之一。针对现有评估中体素人体模型计算代价高以及对真实职业电磁环境非均匀性考虑不充分,文中提出两种实用的评估方法。搭建外形真实的人体模型,验证模型的准确性;基于体内感应量极值与体表所承受的最大曝露水平确定等效的均匀电磁场;基于算术平均法与均方值平均法,确定身体各部分承受的电磁场水平平均值。通过对空心电抗器周围典型非均匀磁场的分析,证明了基于真实外形人体模型,匀场等效法与空间平均法对非均匀电磁场曝露评估的有效性。

To realize long-distance electricity transmission, staffs in electric utility need under high level electromagnetic field. However, excessive exposure will harm human to work long time health. Therefore, exposure assessment of electromagnetic field is very important in the development of new energy technologies. For the current exposure assessment methods, the calculation cost of voxel humam model is very high, and insufficient attention is paid to the non-uniform electromagnetic field in real working condition. This paper proposes two practical methods for assessing the exposure of non-uniform electromagnetic fields. A realistic human body model is established, and the correctness of the model is verified. Equivalent uniform electromagnetic field is obtained by comparing the maximum electromagnetic field level which people is exposed to and the corresponding induced electric field in human body. The spatial average of exposure through the whole body is determined by arithmetic mean quadratic mean averaging, respectively. An assessment example of non-uniform magnetic around air-core reactor is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the equivalent uniform averaging and field exposure electromagnetic field approach and the spatial averaging approach in assessing non-uniform exposure based on realistic human body model.