生食贝类水产品中副溶血性弧菌的半定量风险评估

Semi-quantitative risk assessment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw-eat shellfish aquatic products

为研究上海市生食贝类水产品的食用安全性,进行了半定量风险评估。牡蛎、醉泥螺、象拔蚌、北极贝为上海市主要的生食贝类水产品,调查显示贝类水产品中副溶血性弧菌平均检出率为43.7%,其中副溶血性弧菌致病性基因Tdh+/Trh+在贝类水产品中的平均检出率为3.75%。对上海地区对生食贝类的消费情况进行了膳食调查,并利用"Risk Ranger"软件对牡蛎、醉泥螺、象拔蚌、北极贝中副溶血性弧菌进行了半定量风险评估。上海市生食贝类消费人群比例为13.86%,生食贝类的食用频率平均2.4月/餐次,平均每餐消费生食贝类水产品为49.06 g/餐。风险评估结果显示:牡蛎/副溶血性弧菌(50)属于高度风险,醉泥螺/副溶血性弧菌(46)、象拔蚌/副溶血性弧菌(44)、北极贝/副溶血性弧菌(39)均属于中度风险,根据风险排序风险大小依次为牡蛎>醉泥螺>象拔蚌>北极贝。

The security of primary raw-eat shellfish aquatic products in Shanghai such as oysters, liquor-saturated bullacta exatata, geoduck and arctic shellfish were investigated for setting the semi-quantitative risk assessment. The results indicated that the average detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw shellfish aquatic products was about 43.7% and the pathogenic genes of Tdh ＋/Trh ＋ were 3.75%. A dietary survey for the raw-eat shellfish products consumption in Shanghai was also investigated. The semi-quantitative risk assessment was conducted based on the basic procedure of microbial risk assessment with a software named ＂ Risk Ranger＂. Questionnaires showed that 13. 86% of residents consumed raw shellfish in Shanghai. The raw shellfish consumption frequency was 2.4 months/meal and the average consumption was 49.06 g/meal. The risk assessment results showed that oyster/Vibrio parahaemolyticus （50） was a high risk, liquor-saturated bullacta exatata/Vibrio parahaemolyticus （46）, geoduck/ Vibrio parahaemolyticus （44） and arctic shellfish/Vibrio parahaernolyticus （39） were all moderate risks among the raw-eat aquatic shellfish products/Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The risk values in order were oysters 〉 liquor-saturated bullacta exatata 〉 geoduck 〉 arctic shellfish.