江汉平原农业结构调整与减灾对策

Study on Adjustment of Agricultural Structure and Measures of Reducing Flood in Jianghan Plain

该文分析了江汉平原农业洪涝灾害的基本特征及洪灾对农业生产的制约影响 ;指出江汉平原农业生产存在的结构性矛盾和主要问题 ,提出该区域农业结构调整的基本思路。江汉平原实现农业避洪减灾的结构调整对策 ,包括发展耐涝农业生产 ,提高作物耐涝能力 ;利用冬春土地资源 ,开发冬季农业 ;选育早熟或迟晚熟品种 ,错开洪涝高峰期 ;充分利用棉田光热资源 ,推广间套复种多熟技术 ;退田还湖 ,发展精养渔业。

This paper has studied basic characters of agricultural waterlog in Jianghan plain, and restricted influence to agriculture with waterlog. It has analyzed structural contradictions and most problems of agriculture in Jianghan plain under flood and waterlog, and put forward the basic adjustive thoughts of regional agricultural structures. The paper has brought forward policies that agricultural structure's adjustment would be realized to avoid and reduce flood in Jianghan plain: to heighten crop's ability of flood-tolerant by developing bearable waterlog agriculture; to develop winter's crop by use of land resources in winter and spring; electing precocious seeds and serotinous seeds avoiding peek of flood disaster; to popularize mixed cultural techniques by use of the light and hot at cotton cropland; to develop intensive fishery by returning lakes from cropland.