玉米秸秆与污泥的腐解物对盐碱地化学指标的影响

Effects of Corn Straw and Sewage Sludge on Chemical Indicators of Saline Alkali Land

为探索发酵后的玉米秸秆对内蒙古地区盐碱化土壤化学性质(有机质、ESP,pH值、EC、土壤代换性Na^+)的影响,在实验室条件下以污泥作为接种物,将玉米秸秆在不同发酵的条件下以不同梯度的秸秆还田量施加到盐碱化土壤中,以施加未发酵的玉米秸秆为对照。结果显示:(1)施加玉米秸秆对土壤的部分化学性质有着一定的改善,且发酵后的玉米秸秆比未发酵的玉米秸秆效果要好;(2)当玉米秸秆与污泥的配比为2∶1且秸秆还田量为75%时,土壤的有机质含量上升幅度最大,土壤的ESP、pH值、土壤代换性Na^+降低幅度最大;(3)施加玉米秸秆对土壤的EC作用不明显,反而使EC的含量有所上升,施用发酵后的玉米秸秆尤为明显。综合考虑,在本试验条件下针对该土壤最佳参数为:玉米秸秆与污泥配比为2∶1,发酵后的玉米秸秆还田量为75%。

In order to explore the effect of fermented corn straw on the chemical properties （organic matter,ESP,pH value,EC,soil exchangeable Na＋） of saline alkali soil in Inner Mongolia area,sludge was used as inoculum under laboratory conditions,the corn straw was applied to the saline alkali soil under different fermentation conditions,with no-fermented corn straw as the control.The results showed that：（1） corn straw was applied to improve the partial chemical properties of soil,and the effect of fermented corn straw was better than that of no-fermented corn;（2） the soil organic matter content increased greatly,the ESP,pH value and exchangeable Na＋ significantly reduced when the ratio of corn straw and sludge was 2 ∶ 1 and the amount of straw returning was 75 ％;（3） the effect of corn straw on EC was not obvious,but the EC increased especially after the fermentation.Therefore,under the experimental conditions,the optimal parameters were that the ratio of corn straw and sludge was 2 ∶ 1,the fermented mass ratio of corn straw and saline alkali soil was 75％.