陕西省生态农业绩效评价与分析

Assessment and Analysis on Performance of Ecological Agriculture in Shaanxi Province

发展生态农业对于推进农村经济发展,改善生态环境,摆脱贫困问题有重要的推动作用。为了研究陕西省农业绩效的基本情况、演化特征,利用2000—2013年陕西省10地市面板数据,立足低碳视角,运用基于非期望产出的SBM-DEA模型,评价了陕西省10地市生态农业绩效的整体情况,通过全局、局部空间自相关分析和区域差异分析剖析了生态农业绩效的演变特征。结果表明:陕西省生态农业的发展过程中,投入要素各变量及非期望产出方面存在大量冗余,尤其是劳动力、化肥和农业面源污染;陕西省各地市生态农业绩效空间集聚性逐渐减弱,区域差异逐渐扩大,陕南、陕北和关中地区的差异明显,陕西省目前面临着农业经济发展和农业生态环境保护两大任务。

The development of eco-agriculture has an important role in promoting rural economic development,improving the ecological environment and getting rid of poverty.In order to study the basic situation and evolution characteristics of agricultural performance in Shaanxi Province,we calculated the efficiency of ecological agriculture with the SBM-DEA model based on the low-carbon perspective in Shaanxi Province.Then global spatial autocorrelation analysis,local spatial autocorrelation analysis and Theil coefficient are used to dissect evolution characteristics about the efficiency of ecological agriculture.In the process of the development of ecological agriculture in Shaanxi Province,large redundant amounts present in the ecological agriculture inputs and the undesirable output,especially agricultural labor force,agricultural fertilizers and agricultural nonpoint source pollution;spatial clustering weakens gradually while regional differences expand progressively,also there is a big difference among southern part of Shaanxi,Guanzhong and northern part of Shaanxi.Therefore,some countermeasures are put forward.Agricultural economic development and agricultural ecological environmental protection are two major tasks of Shaanxi Province.