生物质炭对牡丹江植烟土壤改良及烤烟品质的影响研究(英文)

Effects of Biochar on Tobacco-planting Soil Improvement and Tobacco Quality in Mudanjiang Area

为探讨生物质炭在改良植烟土壤和提高烤烟品质研究中的可行性,以牡丹江市宁安县黑土为供试土壤,研究了生物质炭对植烟土壤C/N、土壤微生物、烟株生长发育和烤后烟常规化学成分与中性致香成分的影响。结果表明:施加1800 kg/hm^2生物质炭后,可以提高植烟土壤C/N 31.79%,其土壤中放线菌数量是对照的3.8倍。施加生物质碳烤烟生长优势比较明显,株高、有效叶片数均显著高于对照,烤后烟中总糖和烟碱与对照差异不显著。土壤中施加1200 kg/hm^2生物质炭使烤后烟中钾含量提高11%,施加2400 kg/hm^2生物质炭使烤后烟中总糖含量提高5.40%。施加1800kg/hm^2生物质炭烤后烟茄酮的含量为对照的1.97倍。综合研究表明:植烟土壤中施加1200~1800 kg/hm^2生物质炭后,可达到改善土壤微环境,促进烟株大田的生长发育和提高烤后烟产质量的三重功效。

This study was conducted to study the feasibility of biochar in soil im- provement and tobacco quality. The black soil in NinganCountry of Mudanjiang was used as the material in this study, and the effects of biochar on tobacco-planting soil C/N, soil microorganisms, the development of tobacco, and chemical compo- nents and neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco werestudied. The results showed that the application of biochar at a rate of 1 800 kg/hm2 could increase soil C/N by 31.79%, and the quantity of actinomycetes in the soil was 3.8 times as much as that in control. The growth wasobviously better after biochar application, plant height and effective leaf number were significantly higher than those ofcontrol, but total sugar and nicotine were not significantly different. The application of biochar at a rate of 1 200 kg/hm2 increased the potassium content by 11%, the application of biochar at a rate of 2 400 kg/hm2 improved total sugar content by 5.40%, and the application of biochar at a rate of 1 800 kg/hm2 made the tobacco solanone content 1.97 times as that of control. Comprehensive studies showed that the application of biochar 1 200-1 800 kg/hm2 could improvesoilenvironment, and promote tobacco growth and quality.