山水有体:《林泉高致》美学思想探析

Probe into the Aesthetic Ideology of Lin Quan Gao Zhi

北宋画家、绘画理论家郭熙的画论著作《林泉高致》中蕴含丰富的美学思想。其美学思想主要表现为"林泉之心"的审美态度、"四时不同"的审美意象、"可居可游"的审美理想、"身居山川而取之"的审美方式、"饱游饫看"的审美修养、"兼收并览"的审美创造等。而这些思想的基本内容可以总体概括为"山水有体",即感受、表现山水意境有一套系统的方法和规范。通过运用现代美学概念对以上美学思想进行整理、分析和阐释,可以深入、系统地理解郭熙的美学思想和艺术理论,以期对当代审美和艺术的实践活动有所助益。

Lin Quan Gao Zhi by Guo Xi, a painter and theorist in the Northern Song Dynasty, contains rich aesthetic thoughts, which are mainly represented in the following aspects： painters should bring aesthetic attitude into painting, present different aesthetic images of different seasons, achieve the aesthetic ideal of making their paintings realistic as if they could be for living or sightseeing, stay close to nature and present its beauty in paintings, cultivate the culture of enjoying and adoring nature, and take an all-inclusive approach in creation. The essence of these thoughts can be generalized as ＂shah shui you ti＂, which means there are a set of systematic approaches and codes in feeling and expressing the artistic conception in landscape paintings. By applying modern aesthetic concepts to reconstruct, analyze, and interpret the aesthetic ideology mentioned above, we can get further and systematic understanding of Guo Xi＇s aesthetic thought and art theory, which could be helpful to modern aesthetic and artistic activities.