添加动物源氨基酸水解液研制生物有机肥

Development of Bio-Organic Fertilizer by Adding Amino Acids Hydrolyzed from Animal Carcasses

为改善生物有机肥性质,提高生物有机肥质量,采取在生物有机肥中添加外源氨基酸水解液以提升生物有机肥中功能微生物的数量.以病死猪酸解制得氨基酸水解液为生物有机肥外加原料,研究了氨基酸水解液添加量、有机肥种类(鸡粪、牛粪、中药渣)、发酵时间对功能菌株SQR9数量的影响.结果表明:当氨基酸水解液添加量为20%时固体发酵效果优于其他接种量,预发酵3 d后接种SQR9的功能菌数量明显高于未预发酵直接接菌,预发酵中肥料(以干质量计,下同)的最高功能菌数量可达4×10~8CFU/g,而第0天接菌时肥料的最高功能菌数量仅为1.2×10~8CFU/g.以腐熟鸡粪、牛粪、中药渣堆肥为载体,添加酸解氨基酸研制生物有机肥的最优接菌量分别为10.0%、7.5%、10.0%;SQR9菌株生长的最佳含水量为40%.此外,氨基酸水解液的添加可提高生物有机肥的w(TN).研究显示,氨基酸水解液的添加能有效促进固态发酵过程中功能菌株数量的增加.

In order to improve the quality of bio-organic fertilizer, exogenous amino acids hydrolyzed from animal carcasses were utilized as additives into matured composts to create novel bio-organic fertilizers （BIOs） containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria SQRg. The effects of adding amounts of exogenous amino acids, types of organic manures （e. g, chicken manure, cow manure and Chinese medicine residue） and fermentation time on the number of inoculants, strain SQRg, were investigated. The results showed that addition of 20% amino acids resulted in more effective solid-state fermentation efficiency than other treatments. Inoculating strain SQR9 after pre- composting for three days showed obviously higher amounts of the functional microbes, with the highest number of 4 × 10-8 cFU/g fertilizer in dry weight than those treatments without pre-composting （ adding amino acids and inoculating bacteria meanwhile） with the highest number of 1.2 × 10-8 CFU/g fertilizer in dry weight. The optimal inoculation amounts of strain SQR9 in chicken manure, cow dung and Chinese medicine residue composts were 10.0% , 7.5% and 10.0%, respectively, with optimal water content maintaining at around 40%. Moreover, the addition of amino acids increased the total N amount in all treatments. In conclusion, the addition of amino acids hydrolyzed from animal carcasses could effectively promote the growth of functional bacterial strains during solid-state fermentation.