高速公路特长隧道出口段驾驶人心理负荷变化规律

Research on driver mental load in exit of super long tunnel

为研究高速公路特长隧道出口段驾驶人心理负荷变化规律,要求被试驾驶人进行特长隧道环境实车实验。采用EyelinkⅡ眼动追踪装置采集驾驶人视觉特征参数,利用MP150生理测试仪采集驾驶人生理特征参数。在筛选有效数据的基础上,用统计学方法比较不同长度隧道出口段驾驶人的心理负荷特性,并分析统计显著性。结果表明:特长隧道出口段驾驶人的心率变化率大,波动也较大;瞳孔面积的标准差最大,数据离散,变化幅度大。以上差异具有统计学显著性,客观数据与主观感知评价具有基本一致性。研究表明特长隧道出口段驾驶人心理负荷较大,对驾驶人的行车安全影响也最大。

In order to study the driver mental workload variation in exit of super long tunnel on expressway, the real-vehicle experiment with participants under different tunnels are conducted. The drivers＇ visual characteristic parameters are collected by the eye tracking device, and the drivers＇ physiological characteristic parameters are collected by MP150. Based on screening of effective data, the differences of driver mental load are compared. The result shows that driver＇s heart rate variability and fluctuation are larger; the pupil area＇s standard deviation is larger than usual tunnels and its average is the least. The differences are significant in statistics. Subjective perception and objective evaluation of data are consistency. The result means, the driver mental workload variation is largest in the exit of super long tunnel on expressways.