供热行业碳排放基准线研究——以沈阳市为例

The Carbon Emission Baseline from Heating Industry——A Case Study in Shenyang City

根据沈阳市72家供暖企业调研数据,利用IPCC温室气体清单方法核算供热企业碳排放量。结果表明:在151d供暖期内,不同热源形式碳排放强度差异显著,小型分散锅炉房平均碳排放强度为58.25 kg CO_2/m^2,区域锅炉房为53.42kgCO_2/m^2,热电联产为49.87 kgCO_2/m^2,组合式热源(燃煤锅炉+热泵)为34.49kgCO_2/m^2,清洁能源为21.58kg CO_2/m^2。基于不同热源形式碳排放强度和清洁发展机制推荐的基准线确定方法,设置了实际排放、历史排放、单体容量40 t/h以上区域锅炉房排放、热电联产排放、技术水平领先前30%和40%企业排放6种基准线情景。通过各个碳排放基准线值比较,结合沈阳市的经济技术发展水平和未来碳交易市场计划,建议选择技术水平领先前40%企业排放情景下的碳排放基准值46.57 kg CO_2/m^2作为沈阳市2013年供暖行业的碳排放基准线。以此基准线为起始基准线,对2014—2020年的碳排放基准线进行了预测。

According to survey data of 72 heating enterprises in Shenyang city, the carbon emission of heating enterprises was calculated by using the methodology of IPCC greenhouse gases inventory. The results show that the carbon emission intensity was significantly different in various heating sources during the 151 d heating period. The carbon emission intensity in scattered small boiler room, regional boiler room, combined heat and power generation （CHP）, combined heating sources （coal-fired boiler and heat pump）, and clean energy heating was 58.25 kg CO2/m^2, 53.42 kg CO2/m^2, 49.87 kg CO2/m^2, 34.49 kg CO2/m^2 and 21.58 kg CO2/m^2, respectively. Based on the carbon emission intensity of different heating sources and baseline determination methods recommended by clean development mechanism （CDM）, six kinds of baseline scenarios were set, including actual emission, historical emission, 〉40 t/h regional boiler room emission, CHP emission, and the emission from the top 30% and 40% enterprises on the technical level. Through comparing various carbon emission baseline values, combining economic and technological development level, and carbon trading market plan, the carbon emission of the top 40% enterprises on the technical level （46.57 kg CO2/m^2） was recommended as the carbon emission baseline of heating industry in 2013 in Shenyang city. The carbon emission baselines from 2014 to 2020 were also forecasted.