高速动车组污物箱有限元分析与优化设计

Finite element analysis and optimization design of sewage tank of high-speed EMU

高速动车组在运行时产生的剧烈振动对污物箱等车下吊挂设备的安全可靠性会带来不利的影响。根据标准IEC 61373-2010《铁路应用—机车车辆设备—冲击和振动试验》,利用有限元法对高速动车组200 L污物箱组成进行三向冲击工况的瞬态仿真分析,通过计算得出了污物箱在冲击工况下的Von Mises等效应力。根据计算结果对其进行了结构优化,对应力较大的部位进行了增强。再次进行有限元分析,计算结果表明相比原模型其结构强度得到显著提高。最后对改进后的模型进行以最大化一阶固有频率为目标的拓扑优化,结果再次验证了结构优化的合理性。

The severe vibration produced by high speed EMU always has adverse effects on the safety and reliability of sew- age tank and other equipments. The transient simulation analysis of 200 L sewage tank assembly of high - speed EMU is car- fled by the finite element method under three directions impact condition. And the equivalent stress of the sewage tank is cal- culated. The structure is optimized according to the caleulation results. The structural strength of the model is significantly improved compared with the original model. At last, the topology optimization for the improved model is carried to maximize of first order natural frequency, the results show the rationality of optimization again.