辣椒抽提物对缓解小鼠食源性肥胖及调控基因表达的作用

Inhibitory Effects of Pepper Extract on High-fat Diet-induced Obesity and Gene Expression in Mice

本文比较了二荆条辣椒乙醇抽提物与纯化的辣椒碱对食源性小鼠肥胖的影响,为辣椒抽提物减肥提供理论依据。C57BL/6小鼠被分为四组,分别为对照组、肥胖组(喂食高脂饲料)、辣椒醇提物组(辣椒抽提物+高脂饲料),辣椒碱组(纯化的辣椒碱+高脂饲料)。结果表明,与纯化的辣椒碱相比,辣椒提取物更加有效地抑制体重增加,减少脂肪积累、减小脂肪细胞大小,降低血清、肝脏和粪便甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)的含量。在肝脏和脂肪组织中,脂分解基因(PPARα、CYP7A1、LPL和CPT1α)在肥胖组显著下降,但在辣椒醇提物组和辣椒碱组的显著上调,并且辣椒醇提物组上调程度更高;促脂合成基因PPARγ和C/EBPα在肥胖组、辣椒醇提物组和辣椒碱组都上调,但辣椒醇提物组的上调程度最小。因此,辣椒提取物和辣椒碱都能起到减肥作用,但是辣椒提取物效果更好。

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an ethanol extract of Erjingtiao pepper and purified capsaicin on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice, and the study provided a theoretical basis for alleviation of high-fat diet-induced obesity by the pepper extract. C57BL/6 mice were subdivided into four groups： normal control group （n=ten）, high-fat diet group （n=ten）, pepper extract ＋ high-fat diet group （n=ten）, and purified capsaicin ＋ high-fat diet group （n=ten）. The results showed that compared with purified capsaicin, the pepper extract more effectively suppressed the body weight gain of the mice, decreased fat acctmaulation and adipocyte size, and reduced the levels of total cholesterol （TC） and triglycerides figs） in serum, liver, and feces. In the liver and adipose tissues, the expression levels of lipid degradation genes [prolifemtor-activated receptor a （PPARa）, cholesterol 7 a-hydroxylase （CYP7A1）, lipoprotein lipase （LPL）, and camitine palmitoyltransferase Ia （CPTIa）] were significantly decreased in the high-fat diet group, and were significantly increased in the pepper extract ＋ high-fat diet group and purified capsaicin ＋ high-fat diet group. The increased expression of these genes in the pepper exwaet ＋ high-fat diet group was even higher than that in the purified capsaicin ＋ high-fat diet group. Lipid synthesis-activating genes [proliferator-activated receptor y （PPAR）,） and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein a （C/EBPa）] were upregulated in the high-fat diet group, pepper exlract ＋ high-fat diet group, and purified eapsaicin ＋ high-fat diet group, but the pepper extract ＋ high-fat diet group showed the smallest increase. Therefore, both the pepper extract and eapsaicin can alleviate obesity, but the pepper extract has a better effect.