聋童心理理论的特征、影响因素及干预策略

Theory of mind in deaf and hard of hearing children:characteristics、influence factors and intervention strategies

心理理论指个体理解自己和他人的愿望、信念、意图等心理状态并据此推测他人行为的能力。由于听觉障碍,聋童的心理理论表现出一定的特异性。文章从聋童心理理论的获得年龄及发展水平两个方面来阐述聋童心理理论的特征。影响聋童心理理论发展的因素主要包括语言能力、假装游戏、交流互动和训练。心理理论的干预主要通过心理理论故事以及心理理论的影响因素展开。文章最后提出了后续研究展望。

Theory of mind is the ability of understanding the mental conditions of our own and other people, including wishes, be- liefs, intentions, and inferring their behaviors. Due to hearing disorder, theory of mind in deaf and hard of hearing children shows some specificity. The article expounds characteristics of deaf children＇ s theory of mind from two different aspects ： acquiring age and developmental level of theory of mind in deaf and hard of hearing children. The factors affecting the development of deaf and hard of hearing children＇ s theory of mind mainly include language competence, pretend game, interchange and training. Inter- vention strategies about theory of mind are carried out through the psychological story and the influence factors of theory of mind. Based on the combing of previous studies, we put forward relevant research outlook and point out the direction for further re- search.