自然灾害统一立法中的道德、政策与法律——兼评《中国防灾减灾基本法立法问题研究》的目标定位及体系构建

Natural Disasters in the Uniform Legislation of Morality, Policy and Law—— Comment on "China disaster prevention and mitigation legislation" research target and system construction

我国是世界上自然灾害最为严重的国家之一,防灾减灾任务繁重,有以法治灾之必要,但我国现有的防灾减灾法律规范零散地分布于各类规范性文件中,体系庞杂、功能价值紊乱,故而严重阻碍了我国防灾减灾制度的完善以及机制的运行效率,因此学界就自然灾害领域理应开启统一立法之研究。致力于梳理法律与道德、法律与政策、公法与私法三对关系于防灾减灾基本立法中的不同作用及其运行机理,力求廓清防灾减灾法立法中的根本法源问题,对应急机制中的目标定位及其规范力进行位阶排列,以期为未来防灾减灾统一立法聊尽绵薄之力。

China is one of the countries with most serious natural disasters in the world, disaster prevention and mitigation tasks, there is the rule of disaster required, but the current disaster prevention and mitigation of legal norms scattered in all kinds of normative documents, complex system, value function disorder, and seriously hampering the efficiency of disaster prevention and mitigation system our country and the perfection of mechanism, so the academic field of natural disasters should be open on uniform legislation. This paper is devoted to the effect of different sort of law and morality, law and policy, public law and private law on the relationship between disaster prevention and mitigation in three basic legislation and operation mechanism of the basic law problem, in order to clarify disaster prevention law in the legislation of emergency in the target location and the standard force rank, with a view to future disaster prevention and mitigation talk to Mianbaozhili unified legislation.