加热炉烧火间可燃气体检测报警系统设计若干问题探讨

Discussion on some issues in design of combustible gas detection and alarm system in furnace room

油田加热炉多以原油和天然气为燃料,一旦发生燃料泄漏,极易被炉膛内的明火所引燃,引发加热炉烧火间火灾。烧火间内可燃气体释放源分布、室内气流分布规律以及其特有明火场所特征与其他油气生产场所具有明显区别,简单按照国家及行业标准设置可燃气体检测报警系统,并未消除或降低烧火间火灾风险。分析了烧火间火灾事故危害、加热炉燃料的火灾危险特性,探讨了烧火间火灾事故的形成与发展,在此基础上,介绍了烧火间设置可燃气体检测装置引发的争议,提出了合理布置检测装置的方式,最后指出设置可燃气体检测联锁控制系统是消除点火源、降低火灾风险的充分保障等。

Crude oil and natural gas are commonly used as fuels in the oilfield heating furnaces. Once the fuel leakage easily ignited by the flame in the furnace hearth, it will cause a fire in the furnace room, and even lead to explosion. But, the releasing source distribution in the furnace room, the indoor air flow distribution and the characteristics of special fire site are obvious difference from other oil and gas production sites, to set the combustible gas detection and alarm system according to the national and industry standards does not eliminate or reduce the fire risk in the furnace room. This article starts with the analysis of fire consequences in the furnace room, in-depth studies of the operation mode and the formation and development principle of fire accident in the heating furnace, presents a solution of the combustible gas detection and control in the furnace room, including reasonable arrangement of detection devices, setting up interlocking control system, and so on.