综合康复护理在COPD稳定期患者中的应用

Application of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Nursing Care in Patients with COPD at Stable Stage

目的:探讨综合康复护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者中的应用效果。方法:将184例COPD稳定期患者随机分为对照组和观察组各92例,对照组给予常规护理与治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上采用综合康复护理;护理后比较两组疗效,在住院第2天和护理6个月后第1周对两组进行肺功能检测和6 min步行距离。结果:观察组显效率和总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),护理后,观察组最大呼气中段平均流速(MMEF)、肺活量(VC)、呼气峰值流速(PEF)均高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),第一秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV_1)及FEV_1/FVC(用力肺活量)与6 min步行距离均高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:对COPD稳定期患者给予及时的心理护理、营养护理、运动指导和呼吸功能锻炼等综合康复护理,可有效改善患者的肺功能及预后,并有助于患者的身心健康。

Objective：To investigate the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing care in patients with chronic obstructive pulmona- ry disease （COPD） at stable stage. Methods：A total of 184 patients with stable COPD were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,92 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing treatment, and the observation group was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on the basis of the control group. After nursing care, the efficacy of two groups was compared. The pulmonary function test and the 6~minute walking distance of two groups were performed at the second day after hospitalization and the first week after the 6 months nursing care. Results：The effective rate and total effective rate of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group （ P 〈0. 05 ）. After nursing care, the maximal expiratory middle flow velocity （ MMEF）, vital capacity （VC） and expiratory peak flow velocity （PEF） of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The forced expiratory volume （FEV1） and FEVJFVC （forced vital capacity） in the first second and the 6-minute walking distance were sig- nificantly higher than those in the control group （ P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Give timely rehabilitation nursing care including psy- chological care, nutrition care, exercise guidance and respiratory function exercise on patients with stable COPD, can effectively improve the lung function and prognosis of patients, and help patients with mental health.