特大生产安全事故理性问责探究——基于41个特别重大事故调查报告的分析

On Rational Accountability of Large Productive Safe Accident——Based on 41 Investigation Report of Large Accidents

生产安全事故领域中的理性问责状况如何?基于工具理性和价值理性的视角,借助于对2004-2015年41个特大生产安全事故调查报告的分析,运用"理性问责"模型检验了问责对象的层级、责任结构、管理关系、问责事由对问责结果的影响和媒体关注度对行政问责人数、行政问责人员中副厅局级以上干部人数的影响。研究发现,问责对象的层级与问责结果之间呈负相关关系,责任结构、管理关系、问责事由对问责结果的影响较弱;媒体关注度对行政问责人数和行政问责人员中副厅局级以上干部人数的影响较大。这一发现表明,在生产安全事故中的问责公平性有待提升。在生产安全事故中实现理性问责需要在权与责、过与责对称性上继续进步。

What is the rational accountability situation in the field of productive safe accidents？ From the perspective of instrumental rationality and value rationality, this paper puts forward the “ rational accountability” model. With the help of the analysis of 41 large safe accidents from 2004 to 2015, it examined the impact of the level,the structure,the relationship and the cause on accountability. It also examined the impact of media attention on the number of administrative accountability and the number of cadres above the deputy bureau level. The study finds that there is a negative correlation between the level of the object of accountability and the result of the accountability,the impacts of the responsibility structure, the management relationship and the reason on the results are weak; the influence of media attention on the number of administrative accountability and the number of cadres above the deputy bureau level is greater. This inquiry reveals that the fairness of the accountability in productive safe accidents needs to be improved. Balances between right and responsibility,fault and responsibility need to be strengthened.