学术领域马太效应及其评价调控准则漫谈

On the Matthew effect of academic field and its evaluation and control criterion

伴随着学术评价的发展,学术领域马太效应有愈演愈烈之势。马太效应带来的有悖学术发展的问题也日益凸显,因此遭到学术界乃至社会舆论诟病。客观认识学术领域马太效应及其作用机制,理清学术领域马太效应与学术评价的关系,坚持学术评价真理标准与公平原则等,是发挥学术领域马太效应正效应,避免其负效应的前提。学术发展离不开学术管理,学术管理又不能缺少学术评价,学术评价不可避免地产生马太效应,就是说,学术领域马太效应是学术发展过程客观存在的现象,对此如何利用学术评价来调控是需要研究的学术管理问题。

With the development of academic evaluation, there is a growing tendency in the academic field for the Matthew effect. The problem of the academic development that brings about by the Matthew effect is also growing; therefore, it was criticized by academics and even the social media. To objectively understand the Matthew effect in the academic field and its mechanism of the action, clarify the relationship between the Matthew effect and the academic evaluation in the academic field, as well as adhere to the truth criterion and fair principles of the academic evaluation are preconditions of exerting the positive effect and avoiding the negative effect of the Matthew effect in the academic field. The reason is that the academic development is inseparable from the academic management, and also, the academic management cannot lack the academic evaluation, which will inevitably produce the Matthew effect. That is to say, the Matthew effect is an objective phenomenon in the process of the academic development in the academic field; thus, how to use the academic evaluation to make adjustments has become the problem in the academic management.