介孔二氧化硅纳米粒作为中药控释和靶向载体在肿瘤治疗中的应用进展

Development of mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles with controlled releaseand targeted release capability for cancer therapy with traditional Chinese medicine

介孔二氧化硅因具有有序介孔结构、比表面积大、生物相容性好及表面易于修饰等特点,在生物医药等领域显示出了极大的应用前景。文章主要专注于介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子的发展,主要讨论了药物的可控释放和靶向修饰。通过修饰介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(MSNs)使其具有刺激响应的特性实现可控释药,内部刺激响应主要包括,p H响应、氧化-还原响应和生物分子响应等;外部刺激主要包括磁、光等。同时详细介绍了多功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米粒。对目前介孔二氧化硅基药物输送体系在实际应用中存在的问题进行了分析并对其未来的发展前景进行了展望。

Mesoporous silica materials have attracted much attention for their potential biomedical applications due to their tailored mesoporous structure, large surface area, good biocompatibility, and the ease of surface functionalization. In this review, we focus on the development of mesoporous silica based nanoparticles, as this type of materials provides a relatively stable material that is amenable to various chemical modifications.We provide an overview of various designs employed to construct MSN-based controlled release systems. These systems respond to internal stimuli such as pH, redox state and the presence of biomolecules as well asto external stimuli such as light and magnetic field. Efforts to develop MSNs with multi-functionality was discussed. Advances in the synthesis of mechanized theranostic nanoparticles open up the possibility to start envisioning future needs for medical equipment.