秸秆覆盖对银杏用材林土壤养分的影响

Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Nutrients of Ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba L. ) Timber Plantation

【目的】研究秸秆覆盖对银杏用材林土壤全量养分和速效养分的影响,为沿海滩涂的土壤改良提供理论依据。【方法】采用随机区组试验设计,以不覆盖秸秆为对比,分析了不同覆盖材料(小麦秸秆、稻草秸秆和玉米秸秆)以及不同覆盖量(2、4和6 kg/m2玉米秸秆)对林下浅层土壤(0~10 cm)养分的影响。【结果】3种覆盖材料均有提高林下浅层土壤养分含量的作用,其中稻草秸秆和玉米秸秆对土壤的培肥效果相对较好,稻草秸秆对碱解氮、全钾、速效钾含量影响较大,玉米秸秆对全氮、全磷、速效磷含量影响较大。不同覆盖量的玉米秸秆对土壤养分含量的增加效果不同,覆盖量越大,覆盖效果越好。相对于秸秆覆盖对土壤全氮、全磷和全钾的作用,对速效养分含量的增加效果更加明显。【结论】秸秆覆盖能有效提高土壤养分,可用于沿海滩涂银杏用材林土壤的改良。

【Objective】 The aim of the study was to study impacts of straw mulching on soil nutrient content and availability of ginkgo plantatioin.【Method】A random block design was used to study the effects of different mulching materials(wheat,rice and corn straw) and different amounts of straw(2,4and 6 kg/m^2)on soil nutrient properties of ginkgo plantation. Total soil(0~10 cm)nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium andhydrolysis nitrogen,available phosphorus and potassium of shallow in were measured in this study.【Result】All 3 mulching materials caused positive effects on soil nutrients. Moreover,the performances of rice and corn were relatively good as compared to wheat. The rice straw had larger effects on hydrolysis nitrogen,total potassium and available potassium but the corn straw had greater effects on total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus. The effect size of corn straw on soil nutrients increased with increasing mulching amount. Compared to total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,straw mulching resulted in more significant effects on soil available nutrients.【Conclusion】Straw mulching effectively improved soil nutrients and could be used to improve the soil quality of ginkgo timber plantation in the coastal beach.