渔用钓饵研究概述

Summarization of fishing baits

目前市场上常见的渔用钓饵分为真饵和拟饵。真饵是指鱼类可食性的动植物渔用钓饵,包括不经加工的天然钓饵和以谷物类、畜牧业副产物和水产品副产物等为原料加工的人工饵料;拟饵是指非可食性材料的仿水生生物型渔用拟饵,包括软质仿生拟饵、硬质仿生拟饵、金属拟饵。本文概述了渔用钓饵的颜色、形状、动作、声音等物理诱食因素和氨基酸、甜菜碱、核苷酸、含硫有机物等化学诱食因素,以及上述因素通过视觉、听觉和味觉等方面的综合作用实现诱引效果的途径,同时介绍了新型渔用钓饵的开发与应用现状。

Fishing baits are usually classified as edible baits and lures. Edible baits refer to the baits which are esculent for fish,including unwrought natural fishing baits and reprocessed fishing baits made of cereal,animal husbandry by-products and aquatic by-product. Lures refer to baits which are made of inedible materials,including soft bionic lure,hard bionic lure and metal lure. The physical attractive factors such as color,shape,motion and voice and the chemical attractive factors such as amino acid,lycine,nucleotide and sulfur organic compounds were summarized in this paper. Factors mentioned above realized decoys effect through the comprehensive functions of sight,hearing,taste and other senses. In addition,the development and application status of new types of fishing baits were introduced.