微肥配施对泽泻产量的影响

Effects of Applying Micro-element Fertilizer on the Yield of Alisma orientalis

目的:以最优氮、磷、钾施肥量为基础,进一步研究不同配比的锌、硼、钼肥对泽泻块茎产量的影响,旨在探索最优的锌、硼、钼微肥施用量,为泽泻生产提供理论基础。方法:采用四因素五水平二次正交旋转组合设计,建立施肥与泽泻产量的函数模型。结果:肥料增产效果依次为氮、磷、钾肥>硼肥>锌肥>钼肥。通过模型模拟优化,得到泽泻目标产量大于6 750 kg/hm^2的最优施肥量:锌肥12.548~17.453 kg/hm^2、硼肥21.850~25.650 kg/hm^2、钼肥0.375~0.675 kg/hm^2、氮肥315.611~370.500 kg/hm^2、磷肥169.944~199.500 kg/hm^2、钾肥206.361~242.250 kg/hm^2。结论:锌、硼、钼对泽泻的生长起到促进作用,同时还可以促进对氮、磷、钾营养元素的吸收。在施用氮、磷、钾肥的基础上,适当施用锌、硼、钼肥可促进泽泻产量增加,其中施用硼肥对泽泻的产量影响最为显著,锌、钼肥次之。

Objective：To study the effects of combined zinc, boron,molybdenum fertilizers on the yield of Alisma orientalis on the basis of the optimal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers rate, and to research the optimal application rates of zinc, boron, molgbdenam, and to provide theoretical basis for the yield of Alisma orientalis. Methods ： Four factors in five levels quadratic orthogonal rotating combination design was used, and field fertilizer experiment was carried out, and the fertilization and Alisma orientalis produc- tion function model were established. Results ： The effect of fertilizer production was nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium 〉 boron 〉 zinc 〉 molybdenum. Through the model simulation optimization,Alisma orientalis target yield was over the optimum fertilizer rate of 6 750 kg/ hm2 , and the optimal fertilizer application rates were as follows, 12. 548 - 17.453 kg/hm2 zinc fertilizer,21. 850 - 25. 650 kg/hm2 boron fertilizer,0. 375 - 0. 675 kg/hm2 molybdenum fertilizer, 315. 611 - 370. 500 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer, 169. 944 - 199. 500 kg/hm2 phosphorus fertilizer,206. 361 -242. 250 kg/hm2 potassium fertilizer. Conclusion：Zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizers promote the growth of Alisma orientalis tuber, and also can increase the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient elements. On the basis of applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, proper application of zinc, boron, molybdenum fertilizers can promote the increasing of Alisma orientalis yield, the application of boron fertilizer effect on the production of Alisma orientalis is most significant.