关于文明与暴力的历史文化之思

On Civilization and Violence from the Historical Cultural Perspectives

"新启蒙"是20世纪80年代一个重要的话语装置。它在否定和"反思"法国大革命的同时,肯定和赞美西方殖民主义。西方现代文明被简单地称为"三百年文明",中国革命被诠释为"救亡压倒启蒙",于是"做西方三百年殖民地"这一"新启蒙"的最高理想方案呼之欲出。"新历史小说"成为"新启蒙"意识形态的一种重要表达。"新历史小说"对现代中国革命过程中的暴力进行简单和庸俗化的表现,却没有看到,一方面,中国现代暴力的根源在西方殖民主义;另一方面,不是以革命的方式获得了独立的印度在现代化的过程中被迫付出了更大的代价。本文通过司马迁、鲁迅、本雅明和法农等人的创作和理论论述提供了另一种不同的重新审视和批判暴力的角度。

＂New Enlightenment＂ was an important discourse device in the 1980s. While it opposed and ＂reflected＂ on the French Revolution, it praised Western colonialism. The Western modern civilization was simply called the ＂three hundred years of civilization＂, and the Chinese revolution was interpreted as ＂salvation over enlightenment＂, which immediately resulted in the highest ideal program ＂be the Western colonies for three hundred years＂ -- the ＂New Enlightenment＂. The ＂New Historical Novel＂ became an important expression of the ＂New Enlightenment＂. It expressed the violence in the process of the modern Chinese revolution in a simple and vulgar manner, but it ignored that, on the one hand, the modern Chinese violence was rooted in Western colonialism; on the other hand, India was forced to pay a greater price in the process of modernization as it became independent through a non- revolutionary way, This paper provides a different view of re-examination and critique of violence through the works and theoretical discourse of Sima Qian, Lu Xun, Benjamin and Fannon.