食品中菊酯类农药残留检测技术研究进展

Research progress of detection techniques for pyrethroid pesticide residues in foods

菊酯类农药是模拟天然除虫菊酯化学结构发展而来的仿生农用药物,使用量仅次于有机磷农药。菊酯类农药对人体免疫、生殖、神经系统等多方面存在毒副作用,我国对其在食品中的残留限量作了严格的规定。随着剧毒、高毒农药禁用令的实施,加强食品中菊酯类农药残留监控显得更为重要,建立高效、快捷、准确测定食品中菊酯类农药残留的方法迫在眉睫。目前,QuEChERS法、微萃取、石墨烯技术等样品前处理技术,气相色谱-质谱联用、液相色谱-质谱联用等仪器分析技术及免疫标记法、化学分析快速检测法等快检技术成为了研究热点。本文主要综述了食品中菊酯类农药残留检测检测方法的前处理、色谱-质谱分析及快速检测技术应用的研究进展,并在此基础上结合食品安全监测的工作实际,对食品中菊酯类农药残留检测技术的发展趋势进行了展望。

Pyrethrins are the bionic pesticides which are developed from simulation of the chemical structure of natural pyrethrum.The application amount of pyrethrins is only less than organophosphorus pesticide.Pyrethrins have the side effects on human immune system,reproductive system and nervous system.The Chinese government has set the maximum residue limits for pyrethrins in foods.With the implementation of prohibiting use of high-toxic pesticides,strengthening the supervision of pyrethrins residues become more and more important.Developing efficient,rapid,accurate test methods is extremely urgent.At present,studies of pretreatment methods such as QuEChERS-based procedure,micro-extraction and graphene technique,detection methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS）,rapid detection methods such as immunoassay,and chemical testing have become the research hot spots.This paper reviewed the research advances of pretreatment techniques,chromatography-mass spectrometry detection techniques and rapid detection methods of pyrethrins residues in foods.Combined with the need of actual supervision of food safety,this paper gave the prospects for the trends of pyrethrins detection techniques.