中国贫困县妇幼卫生服务现状分析

Analysis on the status of maternal and child health services in poor counties in China

目的了解贫困县妇幼卫生服务现状,为改善贫困县妇幼卫生服务、实现精准脱贫提供决策依据。方法在全国832个贫困县737个妇幼保健机构开展问卷调查,分析全县医疗卫生机构孕产妇分娩情况、妇幼保健机构孕产妇服务能力情况和孕产期保健水平。结果 2014年平均每贫困县的孕产妇在县级医院分娩占55.35%,其中在县级妇幼保健机构分娩占22.23%;妇幼保健机构剖宫产人次数占分娩人次数的36.78%;高危孕产妇率为17.92%,孕产妇死亡率为17.68/10万。结论贫困县县外分娩比例大;剖宫产中非因病理产科问题占比高;中西部地区住院分娩率低;高危孕产妇和孕产妇死亡率控制较好。

Objective To understand the current situation of maternal and child health services in poor counties in China,provide strategic basis for improving maternal and child health services in poor counties and precise poverty alleviation. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out among 737 maternal and child health care institutions of 832 poverty-stricken counties in China,delivery situations of pregnant women,maternal service capability and health care levels in these maternal and child health care institutions were analyzed. Results In 2014,55. 35% of the pregnant women gave birth to their babies in hospitals at county level,in which 22. 23% of the pregnant women gave birth to their babies in maternal and child health care institutions at county level. The proportion of cesarean section was 36. 78%in maternal and child health care institutions. The rate of high-risk pregnancy was 17. 92%,maternal mortality was 17. 68 per 100 000 people. Conclusion The proportion of delivery in other counties is high in poor counties in China,the proportion of non-pathological and obstetric delivery is high among cesarean section cases,the hospital delivery rate is low in the midwest region,high-risk pregnancy and maternal mortality are well-controlled.