GRP78和Caspase-12在妊娠期糖尿病孕妇胎盘组织中的表达

Expressions of GRP78 and Caspase-12 in placenta of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶12(Caspase-12)m RNA在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇胎盘组织滋养细胞中的相对表达水平。方法选取2014年1月-2015年12月于南通市第一人民医院行常规产检至分娩的65例孕妇并分为GDM组(35例)和正常妊娠组(30例)。收集并处理胎盘标本,用透视电镜观察内质网超微结构的变化,并采用实时荧光PCR技术检测GRP78和Caspase-12 m RNA在胎盘组织滋养细胞中的相对表达水平。结果正常妊娠组孕妇胎盘组织中滋养细胞内含有丰富的内质网,形态规整,无扩张及肿胀。GDM组孕妇胎盘组织中滋养细胞内质网脱颗粒,明显扩张及肿胀,甚至部分融合。GDM组及正常妊娠组孕妇胎盘组织滋养细胞中GRP78 m RNA相对表达水平分别为(4.70±1.35)和(2.54±0.85),两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.835,P<0.05)。GDM组及正常妊娠组孕妇胎盘组织滋养细胞中Caspase-12m RNA相对表达水平分别为(5.50±1.54)和(3.00±0.95),两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.717,P<0.05)。结论内质网应激介导的胎盘滋养细胞凋亡与GDM密切相关,可能是导致不良妊娠结局的重要机制。

Objective To explore the relative expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78） and Caspase-12 mRNA in placental trophoblasts of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） . Methods Sixty-five pregnant women receiving conventional prenatal examination and giving birth to their babies in the hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected and divided into GDM group （35 cases） and normal pregnancy group （30 cases） . Placental samples were collected and treated, the changes of ultrastructure of endoplasmic reticulum were observed under transmission electron microscopy. Real-time fluorescent PCR was used to detect the relative expression levels of GRP78 and Caspase-12 mRNA in placental trophoblasts. Results The placental trophoblasts of pregnant women in normal pregnancy group contained abundant endoplasmic reticulum with regular morphology, no expansion and swelling was found. In GDM group, degranulation of endoplasmic reticulum was found in placental trophoblasts, expansion and swelling were obvious, and partial merging was observed. The relative expression levels of GRP78 mRNA in placental trophoblasts of pregnant women in GDM group and normal pregnancy group were （4. 70±1.35 ） and （2. 54±0. 85 ）, respectively, there was statistically significant difference （t = 3. 835, P〈0. 05 ） . The relative expression levels of Caspase-12 mRNA in placental trophoblasts of pregnant women in GDM group and normal pregnancy group were （5.50±1.54） and （3.00±0. 95 ）, respectively, there was statistically significant difference （t = 4. 717, P〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion Apoptosis of placental trophoblasts mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely correlated with GDM, which may be important mechanism of adverse pregnancy outcomes.