牛和绵羊在超数排卵情况下排卵受阻的卵巢组织学和内分泌研究

Histological and Endccrinological Study on Ovulation Blockage of Superovulated Ovaries in Cows and Ewes

乏情母牛50头、有周期活动母绵羊38头,超排处理引起发情后的4(羊)或7～8(牛)天摘取卵巢进行组织学研究。观察到排卵阻断的5种类型:(1)典型黄体但包含未排的卵母细胞,(2)由未破卵泡黄体化而形成的非典型黄体,(3)纤维性结缔组织团块,其中有散在性黄体细胞(仅见于牛),(4)具备葛拉夫氏泡典型结构的滞留卵泡,(5)颗粒膜已黄体化的滞留卵泡。50头牛中共有滞留卵泡(≥10mm)127个、正常黄体29个、非正常黄体20个。严寒和饥饿可能是卵泡囊肿普遍发生的主要原因。试验牛曾用18甲基炔诺酮药管处理9天。在植入和取出药管时各注射1次(共2次)PMSG的母牛,具有很高的(28/30)早期反应率(出现≥3个卵泡的母牛数/接受处理的母牛数),而仅在去管时1次注射PMSG者,反应微弱(4/20)。试验羊中,只有单一用FSH处理者,在发情当天血清E_2—17β浓度形成峰值(168.1pg/ml),而且正常黄体数亦略高(P<0.1)于用FSH加LH处理者。发情后4天血清P_4浓度则以后者为高(P<0.05)。绵羊滞留卵泡表现为孕酮优势,卵泡液中E_2—17β对P_4的浓度比为1∶46。

Fifty anestrous cows and 38 cycling ewes were superovulated then ovarie were removed at day 4 for ewes or day 7-8 for cows following induced estrus for his-tological study. Five types of ovulation blockage were observed. One hundred and twenty-seven persistent follicles (diameter≥10mm) , 29 normal C.L. and 20 abnormal C.L. were observed from the ovaries of 50 treated cows. The principal problem of ovary response of treated cows was cystic, perhaps, resulted from the low ambient temperature and hemi-hungry status, which the cows had suffered. A high initial response rate (cows with ≥3) present follicles/cows treated) of 28/30 was found in the cows superovulated with PMSG two injections at implantiaton and removal of a 18-methyl-norethindrone straw (homemade) while the response rate (4/20) was poor in the cows with PMSG one injection at the straw removal. The average number of normal C.L. was slightly higher (P<0.1) in the ewes treated with a commercial agent of FSH alone than with the mixture of FSH and LH agents. At day 0, a peak of E2-17* serum concentration (168.1 pg/ml) was observed only in the ewes with FSH alone. The P4 concentration was significantly higher (R<0.05) at day 4 in the ewes treated with the mixture of FSH and LH than with FSH alone. A P4-dominant was shown in presistent follicles of treated ewes with the concentration ratio (E2 -17*/P4) of 1:46 in follicular fluid.