碳纤维增强不饱和聚酯自修复复合材料的制备及性能

Preparation and properties of carbon fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester self-healing composites

采用原位聚合法制备了以三聚氰胺-脲甲醛为壁材,环氧E-51为芯材的微胶囊(MUF),并将其应用到碳纤维(CF)增强不饱和聚酯(UP)复合材料中,详细探讨了CF质量分数和MUF质量分数对碳纤维/不饱和聚酯(CF/UP)复合材料和微胶囊/碳纤维/不饱和聚酯(MUF/CF/UP)复合材料热稳定性、力学性能和自修复性能的影响。通过OM和SEM观察MUF的表面形貌,FTIR对MUF、CF/UP复合材料和MUF/CF/UP复合材料的化学结构进行表征,TGA、悬臂梁冲击仪和万能拉力试验机对复合材料的热稳定性、冲击性能、拉伸性能和自修复性能进行测试。结果表明,CF和MUF质量分数均为1%时,MUF/CF/UP复合材料的热稳定性较佳,力学性能及自修复性能较优;其拉伸强度为3.99 MPa,弹性模量为229.58 MPa,断裂伸长率为2.12%,冲击强度为86.75 k J/m^2,自修复效率为62.02%。

The microcapsules （MUF） are prepared by in-situ polymerization method with epoxy resin （E-51） as core material, melamine urea-formaldehyde resin as wall material, and then are applied to the carbon fiber （CF） reinforced unsaturated polyester （UP） composites. The effects of CF content and MUF content on thermal stabilities, mechanical properties and self-healing performances of CF/UP composites and MUF/CF/UP composites are discussed in detail.The surface morphology of MUF is observed by means of OM and SEM.The chemical structure of MUF, CF/UP composites and MUF/CF/UP composites are characterized by FT-1R.The thermal stabilities, impact performances, tensile properties and self-healing performances of the composites are tested by TGA, izod impact device and universal tensile testing machine.The results show that when the mass fraction of both CF and MUF are 1%, the thermal stability, mechanical property and self-healing performance of MUF/CF/UP composites are better, its tensile strength is 3.99 MPa, elastic modulus being 229. 58 MPa, breaking elongation rate 2. 12%,impact strength 86. 75 kJ/m^2 and self-healing efficiency 62. 02%.