地方社会治理的“三个平衡”及其实践指向

On the "Three Balances" of Local Social Governance and Its Practical Orientation

在我国经济社会转型期,地方社会治理应当达成三个一脉相承的动态平衡:第一个平衡是最基本的,即在保持地方治理整体有序的前提下,达成地方治理局部有序性与局部无序性的动态平衡;第二个平衡建立在第一个动态平衡之上,即在保持地方治理整体有效性的前提下,达成地方治理局部有效性与局部无效性的动态平衡;第三个平衡则建立在前两个动态平衡之上,即达成地方治理整体有序性与整体有效性的动态平衡,它也是地方治理中最高层次的动态平衡。地方社会治理中的"三个平衡",对地方政府的社会治理理念和社会治理能力提出了新的、更高的要求。

In view of the research of social governance, ＂social governance essence＂ is the logic basis of local social governance. This paper using the theoretical analysis framework of ＂three balances,＂ explores the ＂social governance essence＂ and its logical kernel. This paper has proposed that orderly governance and effective governance is indispensable, orderly governance is the necessary premise of effective governance, and effective governance is the value orientation of orderly governance~ no orderly governance, effective governance can not exist; and no effective governance, orderly governance will lose its value and significance. The successful social governance must be the organic unity of orderly governance and effective governance. In the theoretical analysis framework of ＂three balances,＂ ＂the first balance＂ is the most basic, under the premise of the overall order of local governance, it should keep the dynamic balance of partial governance order and partial governance disorder; ＂The second balance＂ based on ＂the first balance,＂ under the premise of the keep the dynamic balance of partial governance overall effectiveness of local governance,it should effectiveness and partial governance inefficiencies;＂The third balance＂ is based on the previous two dynamic balances, namely achieving the overall order of local governance and the overall effectiveness of local governance, it is also the highest level of dynamic balance in local governance. Based on the theoretical analysis framework of ＂three balances,＂ the local government should vigorously promote the innovation of social governance concept and social governance system. In order to realize ＂three changes,＂ the local government should shift the goal of social governance from mamtammg social stablhty to ＂the pursuit of social vitality and social harmony; the local government should shift the entity of social governance from ＂the sole government leading and controlling＂ to ＂collaborative governance of pluralistic governance entity;＂ the local government also should shift the means of the social governance from ＂the administrative and executive order＂ to ＂rule of law.＂ Specifically, the local government should promote the innovation of social governance concept and social governance system in five practical areas. These five areas are： to achieve the organic unity of orderly governance and effective governance, the use of ＂rule of law＂ in social governance, to provide more and better public services, to develop social organizations with governance capabilities, the effective control and resolution of social risks. Putting forward the theoretical analysis framework of ＂three balances,＂ will not only provide a novel theoretical analysis framework for academic colleagues, provide them a new perspective to understand the nature of local social governance; but also will provide some corresponding theoretical support for social governance practices, and help local governments understand clearly the specific requirements and objectives of social governance practices.