藜麦的饲用潜力及适应性

Advances in the studies on feeding potential and adaptability of Quinoa

全球气候变化和食物安全问题给世界农业带来了巨大的压力,开发新作物资源有助于解决全球变化背景下的食物安全问题。藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)原产于南美洲安第斯山脉,除了籽实营养价值高而全面之外,植株其它部分也具有很高的营养价值,同时藜麦还具有耐贫瘠、耐旱、耐盐碱和耐霜冻等特性,具有很强的环境适应能力,因而具备了成为新的作物和牧草的潜力。本文综合分析了国内外藜麦研究的相关文献,介绍了藜麦作为饲草使用的潜力,总结了其在干旱、贫瘠、盐碱土壤条件下的适应性及其机制,以及其对温度和光照的响应特性,最后对藜麦的深入研究和饲用推广进行了展望。

Global climate change and the aim of achieving food security have immensely increased pressure on agriculture worldwide. The development of new crop resources can mitigate this effect. Quinoa （Chenopodium quinoa） is a native species of the Andean region of South America. Its seed, stem, and leaf are highly nutritious. Moreover, it has strong adaptability to adverse environments, and a strong potential as a forage crop. In the present study, we reviewed the literature on Quinoa emphasising on its potential as forage, summarised how it adapts to arid, infertile, and saline environments, and its responses to temperature and light. Further, we proposed some future research directions on Quinoa for forage and feeding extension.