不同生境角果毛茛种群生物量分配与生长分析

Study on biomass allocation and growth in Ceratocephalus testiculatus population of Takeermohuer desert

于2015年5月采用野外生态学实验方法和室内分析相结合方法对伊犁塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠四爪陆龟保护区和林地生境内短命植物角果毛茛(Ceratocephalus testiculatus)种群生物量分配和生长进行比较研究。结果表明,保护区样地角果毛茛种群株高、总生物量、叶、花葶和果序生物量均显著高于林地(P<0.05),根生物量无差异(P>0.05);但根、叶和花葶生物量分配却显著低于林地(P<0.05),仅果序生物量分配显著高于林地(P<0.05)。两样地内叶、花葶和果序生物量随总生物量增加呈幂函数形式增长,根生物量呈线性增长,均以林地增长速率为高;生殖分配Ⅰ(果序生物量/总生物量)和Ⅱ(花葶生物量/总生物量)所占比值相对稳定,受株高和总生物量变化影响甚小。保护区样地叶生物量变化显著影响着根生物量和生殖生物量(P<0.05),而在林地内仅极显著影响着生殖生物量(P<0.01)。角果毛茛种群通过调节营养构件和生殖构件生物量及其分配速度以适应多变环境,保证在短的生长期内达到生殖成功并使生殖分配比率最大。

The ephemeral species Ceratocephalus testiculatus was mainly distributed in Takeermohuer Desert at Yili in Xinjiang. A nature reserve plot and an artificial woodland were chosen to investigate biomass allocation and growth rhythm of C. testiculatus, based on field investigation and laboratory analysis. The results indicated that height, total biomass, leaf biornass, scape biomass, and frutescence biomass at the nature reserve plot were significantly higher than that in the artificial woodland. However, root, leaf, and scape biomass allocation were significantly lower, and only frutescence biomass allocation was significantly higher. Biomass of leaf, scape, and frutescenee increased as a power function with increase in total biomass in each plot. A linear relationship between root biomass and total biomass was observed, and the highest rate of increase was evident in the artificial woodland. The rates of reproductive allocation I and II （i.e., frutescence biomass/total biomass and scape biomass/total biomass, respectively） were relatively stable, and height and total biomass of the plants hardly affected them. Changes in leaf biomass significantly affected root biomass and reproductive biomass in the nature reserve plot. However, it affected reproductive biomass of plants in the artificial woodland significantly. C. testiculatus populations adjust biomass of vegetative and reproductive modules and allocation rates for adapting to different environments, and ensuring reproductive success and attainment of the largest reproductive allocation ratio in the short span of growth.