河套灌区23个紫花苜蓿品种适应性

Adaptability of 23 alfalfa varieties in Hetao Irrigation District

河套灌区是我国传统的农牧业区,牧草产量低,品种单一,品质较差,不能满足该地区畜牧业的发展要求。为改善和加速该地区牧草产业化、规模化发展,本研究对引自国内外23个优质紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种在河套灌区3年的抗寒性、生产力和营养品质进行了研究。结果表明,1)不同苜蓿品种间越冬率存在极显著差异(P<0.01),公农1号和大富豪越冬率较高,凉苜1号最低,越冬率仅为55%;2)苜蓿不同茬次的株高呈现第1茬高于第2茬和第3茬的趋势;干草产量呈现第1茬高于第2茬和第3茬的变化规律;3)苜蓿的产草量随着株高的增加而增加;茎叶比越低,蛋白质含量越高;4)通过对苜蓿各项指标进行灰色关联分析可得,23个苜蓿品种在河套灌区的生长中大富豪、WL353LH和赛特的适应性、丰产性和营养品质优于其它品种,可以在内蒙古河套灌区及相类似的地区进行推广种植。

The Hetao region of China is a traditional agricultural and livestock farming region. The forage yield is low, of a single variety, poor quality, and cannot fully meet the animal husbandry development requirements of the region. To improve and accelerate the industrialisation and the scale development of the forage industry, we studied the adaptability, productivity, and nutrition of 23 new internal and external alfalfa （Medicago sativa ） varieties in the Hetao area. We made the following conclusions： 1 ） There were significant differences in the winter survival rate of the different varieties of alfalfa; the winter survival rate of Gongnong No. 1 and Million- aire were higher, whereas I.iangmu No. 1 was the lowest （55%）; 2） Cuts of different height showed the first crop stubble tended to be higher than the second and third stubble; the first crop of the hay yield variation was higher than the second and third crop stubble; 3） The forage yield increased with an increase in height, whereas the stem/leaf ratio and protein showed a negative correlation; 4） The comprehensive evaluation of the indicators showed that Millionaire, WL353LH, and Sitel were better than the others. Therefore, preliminary results indicate their suitability for planting in the Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation District.