绿色建筑设计创新的供给侧协同缺陷和对策

从交易成本经济学视角,针对绿色要素集成导致绿色建筑设计内生的大体量研发工作问题,提出构建跨组织的一体化方式,以应对绿色建筑设计创新的全面协同需要。分析了传统DB和CMc模式下供给侧局部协同缺陷,即仅能解决绿色建筑设计创新中的可施工性集成问题。分析了集成项目交付(IPD)模式,认为专职化团队、跨组织决策流程、能力匹配分工及业主主导团队治理等是该模式的特点,具有从供给侧和需求侧对绿色建筑设计创新进行全面协同的比较优势。最后,针对绿色IPD团队的管理关键点提出了建议,包括组织条件、创新决策调控、最优分工和沟通、创新激励及风险控制等。

From the perspective of transaction cost economy, this paper first puts forward that the massive work of research and development in green building design innovation caused by the integration of green elements needs inter-organizational integration form to realize the requirements on overall collaboration. Second, it is analyzed that the limitations of local supply-side collaboration exist in traditional delivery models such as DB （Design-Build） and CMc （Construction Manager-constructor）, because they can only solve constrnctability in the process of the green building design innovation. Then, Integrated Project Delivery （IPD） model is also analyzed and, because of its typical characteristics, namely professional team, inter-organiza- tion decision-making process, division of labor based on capabilities matching and team governance dominated by the owner, is considered to have comparative advantages for solutions of overall collaboration in green building design innovation from both the supply-side and the demand-side. Finally, the result gives advice on the key points of green IPD team management： scale economy of development, regulation of innovation decision, optimal division of labor and communication, and governance of opportunistic behavior against innovation.