间充质干细胞治疗肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症:治疗潜能及机制

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treatment for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis:Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms

肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)是一种影响神经肌肉系统的神经退行性疾病,主要临床表现为运动神经元功能紊乱、进行性瘫痪和死亡。尽管已经使用了一些方法治疗ALS,但是很少成功。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC)长期以来被认为是再生细胞治疗的有效工具,很容易从健康捐赠者和患者组织中获得,并且不存在伦理学争议。MSC具有分化为多种细胞类型的能力,并具有免疫调节、组织修复、释放营养因子、分泌外泌体和有效的归巢等潜能,能够成为克服治疗难题的有前途的工具。本文将就MSCs在ALS患者中的治疗潜能及作用机制进行综述。

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS） is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the neuromuscular system.The main clinical manifestations are motor neuron dysfunction,progressive paralysis and death.Although some treatments have been used to treat ALS,they have rarely been successful.Mesenchymal stem cell has long been considered to be an effective tool for regenerative cell therapy.It is easy to obtain from healthy donors and patient organizations and there is no ethical controversy.MSCs has the ability to differentiate into various cell types,and the potential of immunomodulation,tissue repair,release of neurotrophic factor,secretion of exosomes and effective homing,and can be a promising tool to overcome the difficult problem of treatment.In this review we will discuss the therapeutic potential of MSCs in ALS patients and its mechanism.