玉米株高和穗位高在不同环境下的数量遗传分析

Quantitative Genetic Research of Plant Height and Ear Height in Maize under Different Environments

以玉米杂交种中单909的双亲郑58和HD568及其组配得到的220个重组自交系为材料,在3个环境下对株高和穗位高的遗传特性进行剖析。通过对群体表型数据的分析,发现株高和穗位高受环境影响显著,两者的广义遗传力均较大。对株高和穗位高进行联合分离分析发现,株高在2015年夏河南新乡(环境Ⅰ)环境下符合F-2遗传模型,在2016年夏河南新乡(环境Ⅱ)和2016年春吉林公主岭(环境Ⅲ)环境下均符合G-0遗传模型;穗位高在环境Ⅰ和Ⅱ符合F-2遗传模型,在环境Ⅲ符合G-0遗传模型,说明株高和穗位高的遗传模型受环境的影响很大。该结果为相关QTL定位和广适性玉米品种选育提供理论基础。

Using a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population derived from the cross between Zhongdan 909＇s parental lines Zheng 58 and HD568, we studied the genetic characters of plant height and ear height of maize under different environments. Analysis of phenotype data from RIL population and their parents showed that plant height and ear height had high broad sense heritability, but still significantly affected by environment factors. The joint segregation analysis of the three generations revealed that the plant height fitted the genetic model of F-2 in environment I （Xinxiang, Henan; Summer of 2015） and genetic model of G-0 in both environments II （Xinxiang, Henan; Summer of 2016） and III （Gongzhuling, Jilin; Spring of 2016）; Ear height fitted the genetic model of F-2 in environments I and II, and genetic model G-0 in environment III. The results indicated that environment factors had a significant effect on the genetic models of these two traits. Study of the genetic laws of plant height and ear height under different environments will provide a theoretical basis for QTL mapping and breeding maize varieties with wide adaptability.