黑土容重对大豆氮素吸收及产量的影响

Effects of Bulk Density on Nitrogen Absorption and Yield of Soybean on Black Soil

土壤容重是衡量土壤物理性状的重要指标,也是土壤耕作的重要依据,其变化直接影响作物生长和产量形成。采用框栽,以吉育79和黑农44作为试验材料,设置4个土壤容重处理,分别为1.00、1.15、1.30和1.45g/cm^3,研究了土壤容重对大豆R_1、R_5、R_8期植株氮素含量、氮素积累量及产量的影响。结果表明:大豆植株氮素含量、干物质重、氮素积累量和产量均随土壤容重的增加呈先增大后降低的变化趋势。土壤容重1.00和1.45g/cm^3处理均不利于植株氮素含量、干物质重、氮素积累量及产量的提高,且土壤容重1.45g/cm^3处理对其抑制作用最大。在试验取样的3个时期,大豆全株干物质重和氮素积累量均为土壤容重1.30g/cm^3处理最大,并且该容重处理大豆产量最高。

Soil bulk density is one of the important soil physical properties, and is also important basis for soil cultivation, which influenced crop growth and yield formation directly. In this work, Jiyu 79 and Heinong 44 were used as test materials, adopted flame culture method with four soil bulk density treatments （1.00g/cm3, 1.15g/cm3, 1.30g/cm3 and 1.45g/cm3） were used to study the effect of soil bulk density on nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation and yields of soybean in R1 stage, R5 stage and R8 stage. The results showed that, the nitrogen content, dry matter weight, nitrogen accumulation and yields of soybean increased and then decreased with the increase of soil bulk density. Under the treatment of 1.00g/cm3 and 1.45g/cm3 bulk density was not good for increasing nitrogen content, dry matter weight, nitrogen accumulation and yields of soybean, however, the inhibitory effect under 1.45g/cm3 bulk density treatment was the largest. During the three sampling periods, the dry matter weight and nitrogen accumulation of soybean were the largest, as well as the soybean yields were the highest under 1.30g/cm3 bulk density treatment.