组合抑制剂柠檬酸钠和焦磷酸钠在某铅锌矿分离浮选中的作用

Effect of Combined Reagents of Sodium Citrate and Sodium Pyrophosphate on Flotation Separation of a Polymetallic Lead-Zinc Ore

在对某复杂多金属矿进行矿石性质研究的基础上,对其进行浮选分离.结果表明,矿石中矿物种类繁多,嵌布关系复杂,可综合回收的元素为铅、锌,主要以方铅矿、闪锌矿形式存在.铅矿物嵌布粒度细,氧化率高,与锌矿物共生关系密切,分离困难.采用铅锌依次优先工艺流程,阶段磨矿阶段选别,石灰为矿浆p H值调整剂,D421为铅矿物捕收剂,组合药剂焦磷酸钠和柠檬酸钠为闪锌矿和硫矿物抑制剂,经1次粗选、3次精选和1次扫选获得铅精矿;硫酸铜为闪锌矿活化剂,丁基黄药为锌矿物捕收剂,经1次粗选、2次精选和1次扫选获得锌精矿.闭路实验所得铅精矿铅品位为60.34%,铅回收率达81.31%,含锌6.74%;锌精矿锌品位为47.86%,锌回收率达93.11%,含铅0.62%.组合抑制剂焦磷酸钠和柠檬酸钠对闪锌矿具有选择性协同抑制作用,二者质量比为1:1时抑制效果最佳.

The flotation separation was conducted on the basis of the properties study of a complex polymetallic ore. The results showed that there are many kinds of minerals in the ore, and the elements of Pb, Zn could be recovered. The main minerals of Pb and Zn are galena and sphalerite respectively. It is difficult to separate lead minerals from zinc minerals because the galena is closely locked with sphalerite, and the fine disseminated grain size and high oxidation rate of lead minerals. A processing flowsheet of stage-grinding and stage-flotation was adopted. The results are as follows： The lead minerals were recovered by the flotation process of one roughing, three cleaning and one scavenging, using D421 as collector, combined reagents of sodium pyrophosphate and sodium citrate as depressants, The zinc minerals were recovered by starting rough concentrate regrinding, followed by flotation with a circuit of one roughing, two cleaning and one scavenging, CuSO4 and butyl xanthate were used as activator and collector respectively. In a closed circuit test, a lead concentrate was obtained with the Pb grade of 60.34% and a recovery rate of 81.31%, and the Zn content of 6.74%, a sphalerite concentrate was obtained with a grade of 47.86% Zn and a recovery rate of 93.11%, and the Pb content of 0.62%. The combined reagents of sodium pyrophosphate and sodium citrate have strong depressing effect on sphalerite floatation, and the optimum mass ratio is 1 ： 1.