播期和种植密度对节水高产型冬小麦新品种衡216产量及其构成因素的影响

Effects of Sowing Dates and Planting Densities on Yield and Yield Components of New Winter Wheat Cultivar Heng 216 with Water Saving and High Yield

为了明确节水高产型冬小麦新品种衡216高产栽培技术措施,为该品种的大面积应用提供理论依据,采用二因素裂区试验设计,设7个播期(10月1日、5日、10日、15日、20日、25日和30日)和6个种植密度(基本苗数量,160万、210万、270万、330万、390万和450万株/hm^2)处理,研究了不同播期与种植密度对该品种产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:播期对单位面积穗数、千粒重和产量有显著影响,但对穗粒数影响不显著;种植密度对产量及其构成三因素均有显著影响。产量随着播期的推迟和种植密度的增大呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。在一定范围内,衡216单位面积穗数随着播期的推迟而减少,随着密度的增大而增加;穗粒数受播期影响很小,受密度影响显著;千粒重随着播期的推迟而增加,随着种植密度的增大而降低。通过回归方程模拟计算得出,衡216的适宜播期为10月6~22日,相应的种植密度为210万~370万株/hm^2。

To clarify the high-yield and efficient cultivation technical measures of new winter wheat cuhivar Heng 216, and to provide theoretical basis for large-scale application of the eultivar. Two factor split plot design was used to carry out treatments of seven sowing periods （October 1 st, 5 th, 10 th, 15 th, 20 th, 25 th, 30 th） and six planting densities （Basic seedling number, 160×10^4, 210×10^4, 270×10^4, 330×10^4, 390× 10^4, 450×10^4 plant/hm2） Effects of different sowing dates and different planting densities on the yield and yield components of euhivar Heng 216 were researched. Result showed that sowing date had significant effects on the number of spikes per unit area, 1 000-kernel weight and grain yield, but showed no significant effect on kernels per spike. Planting density had significant effects on both yield and yield components. With the delay of sowing date and the increase of planting density, yield firstly enhanced and then reduced. Within a certain range, the number of spikes per unit area reduced as the sowing date delayed, and increased as the planting density enhanced, kernels per spike was less affected by sowing date but was significantly affected by density. 1 000-kernel weight increased as the sowing date delayed, but declined as the planting density increased. Through the regression equation simulation calculation, it is recommended that the suitable sowing date of Heng 216 was between Octo-ber 6 th and 22 th, and the suitable basic density was 210×10^4-370×10^4 plant/hm2.