氮肥施用量对邯棉559主要农艺性状和产量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizing Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Main Agronomic Traits and Yield of Hanmian 559

为了探索实现棉花高产的适宜施氮量,以邯棉559为试材,设氮肥(尿素,N含量46.7%)施用量0(不施,CK)、180、270、360和450 kg/hm^2计5个处理,施肥方法为基施和花铃期追施各占50%,在最佳种植密度60 000株/hm^2条件下,分析了不同施氮量对棉花主要农艺性状、产量构成性状和产量的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥能够明显提高株高、果枝数、单株铃数、总铃数、单铃重、衣分和产量,且指标值均随施氮量的增加而逐渐提高,其中,施氮量≤360 kg/hm^2时增施氮肥效果普遍明显,而施氮量450 kg/hm^2与360 kg/hm^2处理的所有指标均无显著差异。本研究条件下,邯棉559适宜的氮肥(尿素)施用量为360 kg/hm^2,该施肥量较为经济,且棉花农艺性状表现较好,单铃重较大,产量和衣分较高。

In order to explore the implementation of high yield of cotton with appropriate amount ot mtrogen fertilizer, with Hanmian 559 as test material, nitrogen fertilizer （urea, the content of N is 46.7%） was con- ducted at a dose of 0 （no nitrogen fertilizer, CK）, 180, 270, 360 and 450 kg/hm2, methods of fertilization as base fertilizer and topdressing during the blooming period and each accounted for 50%, the effects of different nitrogen application rates on main agronomic traits, yield components and yield of cotton were analyzed under the optimum planting density of 60 000 strains/hm2. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the plant height, branch number, boll number, boll weight, lint percentage and yield, and the index value gradually increased with the increasing of amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and the effect was generally obvious when nitrogen application amount was less than or equal to 360 kg/hm2, There was no significant differences of all the indexes between the amount of 450 kg/hm2 and 360 kg/hm2. Under the condition of this study, the suitable nitrogen fertilizer （urea） of Hanmian 559 was 360 kg/hm2, the amount of fertilizer was more economic and the agronomic characters of cotton boll weight was better, single boll weight was bigger, yield and lint percentage were higher.