非洲抗病优异玉米种质的鉴定及其与自育骨干系高产优势组合的筛选

Identification of African Maize Germplasms and Selection Excellent Combination from African Maize Germplasms with Self-fertile Inbreed Lines

为了获得高产、抗病性强的玉米杂交种,利用SSR标记对24份非洲玉米种质进行了类群划分,利用田间抗病性鉴定试验对抗锈病优异资源进行了筛选,并将非洲优异种质和自育骨干自交系H70492、H70202、H10802,按P(P-1)/2双列杂交设计进行组配,对高产优势组合进行了筛选。结果表明:24份非洲玉米种质可分为4大类群,从中筛选出抗锈病优异种质6份(K7、K8、K12、K21、K2和K10);将6份非洲优异种质和3份自育骨干自交系进行组配得到36个组合,其中,H70202×H10802、H70202×K7、H70202×K12组合单株产量>200 g/株,且显著高于其他组合,具有明显的高产优势,可进一步进行生产试验。

In order to obtain the maize hybrids with high yield and disease resistance, 24 African maize germplasm were classified by SSR markers, and the excellent resources of rust resistance were screened by field resistance identification test. The high-yielding combination was screened from African germplasm and self-fertile inbreed lines H70492, H70202, H10802, according to P（P-1）/2 diallel cross hybrid design. The results showed that 24 African maize germplasm could be divided into four groups, six African maize germplasm （KT, KS, K12, K21, K2 and K10） with excellent resistance to rust were screened out. In 36 combinations from the cross design between the six African germplasm and the three self-fertile inbreed lines, the results showed that the yield of H70202×H10802, H70202×K7 and H70202×K12 were significantly higher than those of other com- binations. These three combinations have significant high yield advantage and can be tested in production again.