教育社会学与现代社会的人生难题

Educational Sociology and the Life Problem in Modern Society

教育社会学最初曾十分关注剧烈现代社会变革及其导致的人生难题,同时努力开展应对人生难题的启蒙教育。但之后教育社会学却因追求"社会学化",日益看重以社会理论剖析学校教育,以福柯、布尔迪厄等社会学大师的理论来研究学校教育由此变成当代教育社会学主流进路。依靠社会理论剖析学校教育,有助于教育社会学在学术上超越一般意义的教育学,但被社会理论束缚也会使教育社会学远离现代社会现实及人生难题,淡忘教育社会学当初为应对人生难题而生的启蒙教育努力。要想克服这些局限,教育社会学就须重建直面现代社会人生难题的学术视野及教育关怀。

In its formation age, educational sociology was dedicated to seeking for the life problems of human beings caused by the drastic modern social change, as well as fighting with the life problem for enlightenment education. These traits, however, were abandoned by the forthcoming educational sociology, seduced by the dream of becoming ＂sociology of educa- tion＂ , which regards examining school education with popular social theories as the first academic enterprise. The turn of sociology made educational sociology successfully surpass the general pedagogy of low academic rank, but it also put educa- tional sociology into the control of social theories far from the reality of modern society and life problem. If educational soci- ologists want to give positive supports to those who suffer life problem, they must consider how to rebuild the academic vi- sion and enlightenment educational efforts contained in the classical educational sociology invented by Emile Durkheim.