沈阳市新民设施农业土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染特征

Pollution characteristics of phthalate esters in greenhouse agricultural soil in Xinmin, Shenyang City

以沈阳市新民蔬菜基地设施农业土壤为研究对象,采用超声波提取法结合气相色谱检测技术,分析了土壤中美国环保局优控的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(Phthalic acid esters,PAEs)的分布特征。结果表明:在分析的41个设施农业土壤样品中PAEs化合物总量(∑PAEs)的浓度范围为0.52~1.73 mg·kg^(-1),平均值为0.94 mg·kg^(-1),其中32%的样品∑PAEs超过1 mg·kg^(-1);Dn BP和DEHP的检出率均为100%,二者之和占土壤∑PAEs的78%,为当地设施农业土壤中的主要PAEs污染组分。相关分析结果表明,设施棚龄、土壤理化性质(pH值、有机质、总氮、总磷)与土壤中PAEs含量无显著相关关系。

The concentration and distribution of 6 phthalic acid esters（PAEs）, listed as priority pollutants by United States Environmental Protection Agency, in 41 greenhouse agricultural soils in Xinmin（Shenyang City, China）, were investigated by ultrasonic extraction combined with GC-FID. The results showed that the total concentration of the 6 PAEs（∑PAEs）in all the soil samples ranged from 0.52 mg·kg-1to 1.73 mg·kg-1,with a mean of 0.94 mg·kg-1. Moreover, the ∑PAEs exceeded 1 mg·kg-1in 32% of the tested soil samples. The two dominant PAEs were di-n-butyl phthalate（Dn BP）and bis-（2-Ethylhexyl）phthalate（DEHP）, which were detected in all the soil samples and accounted for 78% of the ∑ PAEs. There were no significant correlations between the PAEs concentrations and the cropping period or the soil physiochemical characteristics（soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus）.