考虑轨道谱特征的高铁列车地震安全性评估

Seismic Safety Evaluation of High-speed Trains Considering the Characteristics of Track Spectrum

研究目的:轨道不平顺是高速列车运行过程中产生垂向振动的主要根源,利用轨道谱能从波长和幅值两方面描述轨道不平顺特征和规律。为分析不同轨道谱对我国高铁列车在地震作用下行车安全性的影响,本文建立高速铁路车-轨耦合分析模型,分别采用中国高速铁路轨道谱和德国低干扰谱数值模拟的轨道不平顺样本作为轨道系统激励,选取典型地震动作为外部激励,基于车轨耦合动力学原理,计算不同地震动强度下列车运行的安全性指标。研究结论:(1)采用德国低干扰谱进行高速铁路地震安全性评价相对于中国高速铁路轨道谱偏于保守,但两者的差异随地震动强度的增大而逐渐减小;(2)建议完善我国高速铁路轨道统计谱并应用于高铁列车地震安全性评估研究中,在保证安全的同时提升高铁运输效率;(3)本研究对评估我国高速铁路行车安全性以及合理确定我国高速铁路地震报警阈值具有借鉴意义。

Research purposes： Track irregularity is the main cause of vertical vibration in the process of high - speed train operation. The track spectra can be used to describe the characteristics and rules of track irregularity from two aspects of wavelength and amplitude. In order to analyze the influence of different track spectra on the running safety of domestic high - speed trains under seismic action, the dynamic model of high - speed train - track coupled system is established, used China high - speed railway＇ s track spectrum and German low - disturbing spectrum as the track irregularity power. Based on the dynamics theory of the train - track coupled system, the typical seismic oscillation is selected as the external incentive to calculate the indexes of the train ＇ s running safety under different seismic intensities. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） The assessment of the running safety of high - speed trains under seismic action with Germany low -disturbing spectrum is more conservative than China high -speed railway spectrum. But their difference recedes with the increasing of the seismic oscillation. （2） China high - speed railway statistical spectrum should be consummated and applied on the assessment of running safety of high - speed trains under the seismic action which could enhance the transporting efficiency of the research can be regarded as a reference high - speed railway and ensure the running safety of the trains. （ 3 ） This for the evaluation of the running safety of high - speed trains in China and reasonable determination of the earthquake alarm threshold of the high - speed railway in China.